diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts
index a6f7f369a6..1865d494c4 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import { deepClone } from '@/misc/clone.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import { isMimeImage } from '@/misc/is-mime-image.js';
 import { IdService } from '@/core/IdService.js';
+import { uniqueByKey } from '@/misc/unique-by-key.js';
 import { UtilityService } from '../UtilityService.js';
 import { VideoProcessingService } from '../VideoProcessingService.js';
 import { UserEntityService } from './UserEntityService.js';
@@ -226,6 +227,7 @@ export class DriveFileEntityService {
 		options?: PackOptions,
 		hint?: {
 			packedUser?: Packed<'UserLite'>
+			packedFolder?: Packed<'DriveFolder'>
 		},
 	): Promise<Packed<'DriveFile'> | null> {
 		const opts = Object.assign({
@@ -250,9 +252,9 @@ export class DriveFileEntityService {
 			thumbnailUrl: this.getThumbnailUrl(file),
 			comment: file.comment,
 			folderId: file.folderId,
-			folder: opts.detail && file.folderId ? this.driveFolderEntityService.pack(file.folderId, {
+			folder: opts.detail && file.folderId ? (hint?.packedFolder ?? this.driveFolderEntityService.pack(file.folderId, {
 				detail: true,
-			}) : null,
+			})) : null,
 			userId: file.userId,
 			user: (opts.withUser && file.userId) ? hint?.packedUser ?? this.userEntityService.pack(file.userId) : null,
 		});
@@ -263,10 +265,41 @@ export class DriveFileEntityService {
 		files: MiDriveFile[],
 		options?: PackOptions,
 	): Promise<Packed<'DriveFile'>[]> {
-		const _user = files.map(({ user, userId }) => user ?? userId).filter(x => x != null);
-		const _userMap = await this.userEntityService.packMany(_user)
-			.then(users => new Map(users.map(user => [user.id, user])));
-		const items = await Promise.all(files.map(f => this.packNullable(f, options, f.userId ? { packedUser: _userMap.get(f.userId) } : {})));
+		// -- ユーザ情報の事前取得 --
+
+		let userMap: Map<string, Packed<'UserLite'>> | null = null;
+		if (options?.withUser) {
+			const users = files
+				.map(({ user, userId }) => user ?? userId)
+				.filter(x => x != null);
+
+			const uniqueUsers = uniqueByKey(users, (user) => typeof user === 'string' ? user : user.id);
+			const packedUsers = await this.userEntityService.packMany(uniqueUsers);
+			userMap = new Map(packedUsers.map(user => [user.id, user]));
+		}
+
+		// -- フォルダ情報の事前取得 --
+
+		let folderMap: Map<string, Packed<'DriveFolder'>> | null = null;
+		if (options?.detail) {
+			const folders = files
+				.map(({ folder, folderId }) => folder ?? folderId)
+				.filter(x => x != null);
+
+			const uniqueFolders = uniqueByKey(folders, (folder) => typeof folder === 'string' ? folder : folder.id);
+			const packedFolders = await this.driveFolderEntityService.packMany(uniqueFolders, { detail: true });
+			folderMap = new Map(packedFolders.map(folder => [folder.id, folder]));
+		}
+
+		const items = await Promise.all(files.map(f => this.packNullable(
+			f,
+			options,
+			{
+				packedUser: f.userId ? userMap?.get(f.userId) : undefined,
+				packedFolder: f.folderId ? folderMap?.get(f.folderId) : undefined,
+			},
+		)));
+
 		return items.filter(x => x != null);
 	}
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFolderEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFolderEntityService.ts
index 299f23ad38..326421e149 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFolderEntityService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/entities/DriveFolderEntityService.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ import type { } from '@/models/Blocking.js';
 import type { MiDriveFolder } from '@/models/DriveFolder.js';
 import { bindThis } from '@/decorators.js';
 import { IdService } from '@/core/IdService.js';
+import { In } from 'typeorm';
+import { uniqueByKey } from '@/misc/unique-by-key.js';
+import { splitIdAndObjects } from '@/misc/split-id-and-objects.js';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class DriveFolderEntityService {
@@ -32,12 +35,20 @@ export class DriveFolderEntityService {
 		options?: {
 			detail: boolean
 		},
+		hint?: {
+			folderMap?: Map<string, MiDriveFolder>;
+			foldersCountMap?: Map<string, number> | null;
+			filesCountMap?: Map<string, number> | null;
+			parentPacker?: (id: string) => Promise<Packed<'DriveFolder'>>;
+		},
 	): Promise<Packed<'DriveFolder'>> {
 		const opts = Object.assign({
 			detail: false,
 		}, options);
 
-		const folder = typeof src === 'object' ? src : await this.driveFoldersRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id: src });
+		const folder = typeof src === 'object'
+			? src
+			: hint?.folderMap?.get(src) ?? await this.driveFoldersRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id: src });
 
 		return await awaitAll({
 			id: folder.id,
@@ -46,20 +57,141 @@ export class DriveFolderEntityService {
 			parentId: folder.parentId,
 
 			...(opts.detail ? {
-				foldersCount: this.driveFoldersRepository.countBy({
-					parentId: folder.id,
-				}),
-				filesCount: this.driveFilesRepository.countBy({
-					folderId: folder.id,
-				}),
+				foldersCount: hint?.foldersCountMap?.get(folder.id)
+					?? this.driveFoldersRepository.countBy({
+						parentId: folder.id,
+					}),
+				filesCount: hint?.filesCountMap?.get(folder.id)
+					?? this.driveFilesRepository.countBy({
+						folderId: folder.id,
+					}),
 
 				...(folder.parentId ? {
-					parent: this.pack(folder.parentId, {
-						detail: true,
-					}),
+					parent: hint?.parentPacker
+						? hint.parentPacker(folder.parentId)
+						: this.pack(folder.parentId, { detail: true }, hint),
 				} : {}),
 			} : {}),
 		});
 	}
-}
 
+	public async packMany(
+		src: Array<MiDriveFolder['id'] | MiDriveFolder>,
+		options?: {
+			detail: boolean
+		},
+	): Promise<Array<Packed<'DriveFolder'>>> {
+		/**
+		 * 重複を除去しつつ、必要なDriveFolderオブジェクトをすべて取得する
+		 */
+		const collectUniqueObjects = async (src: Array<MiDriveFolder['id'] | MiDriveFolder>) => {
+			const uniqueSrc = uniqueByKey(
+				src,
+				(s) => typeof s === 'string' ? s : s.id,
+			);
+			const { ids, objects } = splitIdAndObjects(uniqueSrc);
+
+			const uniqueObjects = new Map<string, MiDriveFolder>(objects.map(s => [s.id, s]));
+			const needsFetchIds = ids.filter(id => !uniqueObjects.has(id));
+
+			if (needsFetchIds.length > 0) {
+				const fetchedObjects = await this.driveFoldersRepository.find({
+					where: {
+						id: In(needsFetchIds),
+					},
+				});
+				for (const obj of fetchedObjects) {
+					uniqueObjects.set(obj.id, obj);
+				}
+			}
+
+			return uniqueObjects;
+		};
+
+		/**
+		 * 親フォルダーを再帰的に収集する
+		 */
+		const collectAncestors = async (folderMap: Map<string, MiDriveFolder>) => {
+			for (;;) {
+				const parentIds = new Set<string>();
+				for (const folder of folderMap.values()) {
+					if (folder.parentId != null && !folderMap.has(folder.parentId)) {
+						parentIds.add(folder.parentId);
+					}
+				}
+
+				if (parentIds.size === 0) break;
+
+				const fetchedParents = await this.driveFoldersRepository.find({
+					where: {
+						id: In([...parentIds]),
+					},
+				});
+
+				if (fetchedParents.length === 0) break;
+
+				for (const parent of fetchedParents) {
+					folderMap.set(parent.id, parent);
+				}
+			}
+		};
+
+		const opts = Object.assign({
+			detail: false,
+		}, options);
+
+		const folderMap = await collectUniqueObjects(src);
+
+		let foldersCountMap: Map<string, number> | null = null;
+		let filesCountMap: Map<string, number> | null = null;
+		if (opts.detail) {
+			await collectAncestors(folderMap);
+
+			const ids = [...folderMap.keys()];
+			if (ids.length > 0) {
+				const folderCounts = await this.driveFoldersRepository.createQueryBuilder('folder')
+					.select('folder.parentId', 'parentId')
+					.addSelect('COUNT(*)', 'count')
+					.where('folder.parentId IN (:...ids)', { ids })
+					.groupBy('folder.parentId')
+					.getRawMany<{ parentId: string; count: string }>();
+
+				const fileCounts = await this.driveFilesRepository.createQueryBuilder('file')
+					.select('file.folderId', 'folderId')
+					.addSelect('COUNT(*)', 'count')
+					.where('file.folderId IN (:...ids)', { ids })
+					.groupBy('file.folderId')
+					.getRawMany<{ folderId: string; count: string }>();
+
+				foldersCountMap = new Map(folderCounts.map(row => [row.parentId, Number(row.count)]));
+				filesCountMap = new Map(fileCounts.map(row => [row.folderId, Number(row.count)]));
+			} else {
+				foldersCountMap = new Map();
+				filesCountMap = new Map();
+			}
+		}
+
+		const packedMap = new Map<string, Promise<Packed<'DriveFolder'>>>();
+		const packFromId = (id: string): Promise<Packed<'DriveFolder'>> => {
+			const cached = packedMap.get(id);
+			if (cached) return cached;
+
+			const folder = folderMap.get(id);
+			if (!folder) {
+				throw new Error(`DriveFolder not found: ${id}`);
+			}
+
+			const packedPromise = this.pack(folder, options, {
+				folderMap,
+				foldersCountMap,
+				filesCountMap,
+				parentPacker: packFromId,
+			});
+			packedMap.set(id, packedPromise);
+
+			return packedPromise;
+		};
+
+		return Promise.all(src.map(s => packFromId(typeof s === 'string' ? s : s.id)));
+	}
+}
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/misc/split-id-and-objects.ts b/packages/backend/src/misc/split-id-and-objects.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d23bb93695
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/backend/src/misc/split-id-and-objects.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: syuilo and misskey-project
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
+ */
+
+/**
+ * idとオブジェクトを分離する
+ * @param input idまたはオブジェクトの配列
+ * @returns idの配列とオブジェクトの配列
+ */
+export function splitIdAndObjects<T extends { id: string }>(input: (T | string)[]): { ids: string[]; objects: T[] } {
+	const ids: string[] = [];
+	const objects : T[] = [];
+
+	for (const item of input) {
+		if (typeof item === 'string') {
+			ids.push(item);
+		} else {
+			objects.push(item);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return {
+		ids,
+		objects,
+	};
+}
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/misc/unique-by-key.ts b/packages/backend/src/misc/unique-by-key.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4308e29d21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/backend/src/misc/unique-by-key.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: syuilo and misskey-project
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
+ */
+
+/**
+ * itemsの中でkey関数が返す値が重複しないようにした配列を返す
+ * @param items 重複を除去したい配列
+ * @param key 重複判定に使うキーを返す関数
+ * @returns 重複を除去した配列
+ */
+export function uniqueByKey<TItem, TKey = string>(items: Iterable<TItem>, key: (item: TItem) => TKey): TItem[] {
+	const map = new Map<TKey, TItem>();
+	for (const item of items) {
+		const k = key(item);
+		if (!map.has(k)) {
+			map.set(k, item);
+		}
+	}
+	return [...map.values()];
+}
diff --git a/packages/backend/test/unit/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/test/unit/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2e416326ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/backend/test/unit/entities/DriveFileEntityService.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: syuilo and misskey-project
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
+ */
+
+process.env.NODE_ENV = 'test';
+
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, jest, test } from '@jest/globals';
+import { Test } from '@nestjs/testing';
+import type { TestingModule } from '@nestjs/testing';
+import type { DriveFilesRepository, DriveFoldersRepository, UsersRepository } from '@/models/_.js';
+import { GlobalModule } from '@/GlobalModule.js';
+import { CoreModule } from '@/core/CoreModule.js';
+import { DriveFileEntityService } from '@/core/entities/DriveFileEntityService.js';
+import { DriveFolderEntityService } from '@/core/entities/DriveFolderEntityService.js';
+import { UserEntityService } from '@/core/entities/UserEntityService.js';
+import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
+import { genAidx } from '@/misc/id/aidx.js';
+import { secureRndstr } from '@/misc/secure-rndstr.js';
+
+const describeBenchmark = process.env.RUN_BENCHMARKS === '1' ? describe : describe.skip;
+
+describe('DriveFileEntityService', () => {
+	let app: TestingModule;
+	let service: DriveFileEntityService;
+	let driveFolderEntityService: DriveFolderEntityService;
+	let driveFilesRepository: DriveFilesRepository;
+	let driveFoldersRepository: DriveFoldersRepository;
+	let usersRepository: UsersRepository;
+	let idCounter = 0;
+
+	const userEntityServiceMock = {
+		packMany: jest.fn(async (users: Array<string | { id: string }>) => {
+			return users.map(u => ({
+				id: typeof u === 'string' ? u : u.id,
+				username: 'user',
+			}));
+		}),
+		pack: jest.fn(async (user: string | { id: string }) => {
+			return {
+				id: typeof user === 'string' ? user : user.id,
+				username: 'user',
+			};
+		}),
+	};
+
+	const nextId = () => genAidx(Date.now() + (idCounter++));
+
+	const createUser = async () => {
+		const un = secureRndstr(16);
+		const id = nextId();
+		await usersRepository.insert({
+			id,
+			username: un,
+			usernameLower: un.toLowerCase(),
+		});
+		return usersRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id });
+	};
+
+	const createFolder = async (name: string, parentId: string | null) => {
+		const id = nextId();
+		await driveFoldersRepository.insert({
+			id,
+			name,
+			userId: null,
+			parentId,
+		});
+		return driveFoldersRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id });
+	};
+
+	const createFile = async (folderId: string | null, userId: string | null) => {
+		const id = nextId();
+		await driveFilesRepository.insert({
+			id,
+			userId,
+			userHost: null,
+			md5: secureRndstr(32),
+			name: `file-${id}`,
+			type: 'text/plain',
+			size: 1,
+			comment: null,
+			blurhash: null,
+			properties: {},
+			storedInternal: true,
+			url: `https://example.com/${id}`,
+			thumbnailUrl: null,
+			webpublicUrl: null,
+			webpublicType: null,
+			accessKey: null,
+			thumbnailAccessKey: null,
+			webpublicAccessKey: null,
+			uri: null,
+			src: null,
+			folderId,
+			isSensitive: false,
+			maybeSensitive: false,
+			maybePorn: false,
+			isLink: false,
+			requestHeaders: null,
+			requestIp: null,
+		});
+		return driveFilesRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id });
+	};
+
+	beforeAll(async () => {
+		const moduleBuilder = Test.createTestingModule({
+			imports: [GlobalModule, CoreModule],
+		});
+		moduleBuilder.overrideProvider(UserEntityService).useValue(userEntityServiceMock as any);
+
+		app = await moduleBuilder.compile();
+		await app.init();
+		app.enableShutdownHooks();
+
+		service = app.get<DriveFileEntityService>(DriveFileEntityService);
+		driveFolderEntityService = app.get<DriveFolderEntityService>(DriveFolderEntityService);
+		driveFilesRepository = app.get<DriveFilesRepository>(DI.driveFilesRepository);
+		driveFoldersRepository = app.get<DriveFoldersRepository>(DI.driveFoldersRepository);
+		usersRepository = app.get<UsersRepository>(DI.usersRepository);
+	});
+
+	beforeEach(() => {
+		userEntityServiceMock.packMany.mockClear();
+		userEntityServiceMock.pack.mockClear();
+	});
+
+	afterAll(async () => {
+		await app.close();
+	});
+
+	describe('pack', () => {
+		test('detail: false', async () => {
+			const user = await createUser();
+			const folder = await createFolder('pack-root', null);
+			const file = await createFile(folder.id, user.id);
+
+			const packed = await service.pack(file, { detail: false, self: true }) as any;
+			expect(packed.id).toBe(file.id);
+			expect(packed.folder).toBeNull();
+			expect(packed.user).toBeNull();
+			expect(packed.userId).toBeNull();
+		});
+
+		test('detail: true', async () => {
+			const folder = await createFolder('pack-parent', null);
+			const child = await createFolder('pack-child', folder.id);
+			const file = await createFile(child.id, null);
+
+			const packed = await service.pack(file, { detail: true, self: true }) as any;
+			expect(packed.folder?.id).toBe(child.id);
+			expect(packed.folder?.parent?.id).toBe(folder.id);
+		});
+	});
+
+	describe('packNullable', () => {
+		test('returns null for missing', async () => {
+			const packed = await service.packNullable('non-existent' as any, { detail: false });
+			expect(packed).toBeNull();
+		});
+
+		test('uses packedUser hint when withUser', async () => {
+			const user = await createUser();
+			const file = await createFile(null, user.id);
+
+			const packed = await service.packNullable(file, { withUser: true, self: true }, {
+				packedUser: { id: user.id, username: 'hint' } as any,
+			});
+			expect(packed?.user?.id).toBe(user.id);
+			expect(packed?.user?.username).toBe('hint');
+		});
+	});
+
+	describe('packMany', () => {
+		test('withUser: true uses deduped packMany', async () => {
+			const user = await createUser();
+			const fileA = await createFile(null, user.id);
+			const fileB = await createFile(null, user.id);
+
+			const packed = await service.packMany([fileA, fileB], { withUser: true, self: true });
+			expect(packed.length).toBe(2);
+			expect(userEntityServiceMock.packMany).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+			expect(userEntityServiceMock.packMany.mock.calls[0]?.[0]?.length).toBe(1);
+			expect(packed[0]?.user?.id).toBe(user.id);
+		});
+
+		test('detail: true packs folder', async () => {
+			const folder = await createFolder('packmany-root', null);
+			const file = await createFile(folder.id, null);
+
+			const packed = await service.packMany([file], { detail: true, self: true });
+			expect(packed[0]?.folder?.id).toBe(folder.id);
+			expect(packed[0]?.folder?.parent).toBeUndefined();
+		});
+
+		test('detail: true uses DriveFolderEntityService pack', async () => {
+			const folder = await createFolder('packmany-folder', null);
+			const file = await createFile(folder.id, null);
+			const packSpy = jest.spyOn(driveFolderEntityService, 'pack');
+
+			await service.packMany([file], { detail: true, self: true });
+			expect(packSpy).toHaveBeenCalled();
+			packSpy.mockRestore();
+		});
+	});
+
+	describeBenchmark('benchmark', () => {
+		test('packMany', async () => {
+			const user = await createUser();
+			const folders = [];
+			for (let i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+				folders.push(await createFolder(`bench-${i}`, null));
+			}
+			const files = [];
+			for (const folder of folders) {
+				for (let j = 0; j < 20; j++) {
+					files.push(await createFile(folder.id, user.id));
+				}
+			}
+
+			const start = Date.now();
+			await service.packMany(files, { detail: true, withUser: true, self: true });
+			const elapsed = Date.now() - start;
+
+			console.log(`DriveFileEntityService.packMany benchmark: ${elapsed}ms`);
+		});
+	});
+});
diff --git a/packages/backend/test/unit/entities/DriveFolderEntityService.ts b/packages/backend/test/unit/entities/DriveFolderEntityService.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..299ee5f42b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/backend/test/unit/entities/DriveFolderEntityService.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: syuilo and misskey-project
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
+ */
+
+process.env.NODE_ENV = 'test';
+
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, test } from '@jest/globals';
+import { Test } from '@nestjs/testing';
+import type { TestingModule } from '@nestjs/testing';
+import type { DriveFilesRepository, DriveFoldersRepository } from '@/models/_.js';
+import { GlobalModule } from '@/GlobalModule.js';
+import { CoreModule } from '@/core/CoreModule.js';
+import { DriveFolderEntityService } from '@/core/entities/DriveFolderEntityService.js';
+import { DI } from '@/di-symbols.js';
+import { genAidx } from '@/misc/id/aidx.js';
+import { secureRndstr } from '@/misc/secure-rndstr.js';
+
+const describeBenchmark = process.env.RUN_BENCHMARKS === '1' ? describe : describe.skip;
+
+describe('DriveFolderEntityService', () => {
+	let app: TestingModule;
+	let service: DriveFolderEntityService;
+	let driveFoldersRepository: DriveFoldersRepository;
+	let driveFilesRepository: DriveFilesRepository;
+	let idCounter = 0;
+
+	const nextId = () => genAidx(Date.now() + (idCounter++));
+
+	const createFolder = async (name: string, parentId: string | null) => {
+		const id = nextId();
+		await driveFoldersRepository.insert({
+			id,
+			name,
+			userId: null,
+			parentId,
+		});
+		return driveFoldersRepository.findOneByOrFail({ id });
+	};
+
+	const createFile = async (folderId: string | null) => {
+		const id = nextId();
+		await driveFilesRepository.insert({
+			id,
+			userId: null,
+			userHost: null,
+			md5: secureRndstr(32),
+			name: `file-${id}`,
+			type: 'text/plain',
+			size: 1,
+			comment: null,
+			blurhash: null,
+			properties: {},
+			storedInternal: true,
+			url: `https://example.com/${id}`,
+			thumbnailUrl: null,
+			webpublicUrl: null,
+			webpublicType: null,
+			accessKey: null,
+			thumbnailAccessKey: null,
+			webpublicAccessKey: null,
+			uri: null,
+			src: null,
+			folderId,
+			isSensitive: false,
+			maybeSensitive: false,
+			maybePorn: false,
+			isLink: false,
+			requestHeaders: null,
+			requestIp: null,
+		});
+	};
+
+	beforeAll(async () => {
+		app = await Test.createTestingModule({
+			imports: [GlobalModule, CoreModule],
+		}).compile();
+		await app.init();
+		app.enableShutdownHooks();
+
+		service = app.get<DriveFolderEntityService>(DriveFolderEntityService);
+		driveFoldersRepository = app.get<DriveFoldersRepository>(DI.driveFoldersRepository);
+		driveFilesRepository = app.get<DriveFilesRepository>(DI.driveFilesRepository);
+	});
+
+	afterAll(async () => {
+		await app.close();
+	});
+
+	describe('pack', () => {
+		test('detail: false', async () => {
+			const root = await createFolder('root', null);
+			const child = await createFolder('child', root.id);
+
+			const packed = await service.pack(child, { detail: false }) as any;
+			expect(packed.id).toBe(child.id);
+			expect(packed.parentId).toBe(root.id);
+			expect(packed.parent).toBeUndefined();
+			expect(packed.foldersCount).toBeUndefined();
+			expect(packed.filesCount).toBeUndefined();
+		});
+
+		test('detail: true', async () => {
+			const root = await createFolder('root-detail', null);
+			const child = await createFolder('child-detail', root.id);
+			await createFolder('grandchild-detail', child.id);
+			await createFile(child.id);
+			await createFile(child.id);
+
+			const packed = await service.pack(child, { detail: true }) as any;
+			expect(packed.id).toBe(child.id);
+			expect(packed.foldersCount).toBe(1);
+			expect(packed.filesCount).toBe(2);
+			expect(packed.parent?.id).toBe(root.id);
+			expect(packed.parent?.parent).toBeUndefined();
+		});
+
+		test('detail: true reaches root for deep hierarchy', async () => {
+			const root = await createFolder('root-deep', null);
+			const level1 = await createFolder('level-1', root.id);
+			const level2 = await createFolder('level-2', level1.id);
+			const level3 = await createFolder('level-3', level2.id);
+			const level4 = await createFolder('level-4', level3.id);
+			const level5 = await createFolder('level-5', level4.id);
+
+			const packed = await service.pack(level5, { detail: true }) as any;
+			expect(packed.id).toBe(level5.id);
+			expect(packed.parent?.id).toBe(level4.id);
+			expect(packed.parent?.parent?.id).toBe(level3.id);
+			expect(packed.parent?.parent?.parent?.id).toBe(level2.id);
+			expect(packed.parent?.parent?.parent?.parent?.id).toBe(level1.id);
+			expect(packed.parent?.parent?.parent?.parent?.parent?.id).toBe(root.id);
+			expect(packed.parent?.parent?.parent?.parent?.parent?.parent).toBeUndefined();
+		});
+	});
+
+	describe('packMany', () => {
+		test('preserves order and packs parents', async () => {
+			const root = await createFolder('root-many', null);
+			const childA = await createFolder('child-a', root.id);
+			const childB = await createFolder('child-b', root.id);
+			await createFolder('child-a-sub', childA.id);
+			await createFile(childA.id);
+
+			const packed = await service.packMany([childB, childA], { detail: true }) as any;
+			expect(packed[0].id).toBe(childB.id);
+			expect(packed[1].id).toBe(childA.id);
+			expect(packed[0].parent?.id).toBe(root.id);
+			expect(packed[1].parent?.id).toBe(root.id);
+			expect(packed[0].filesCount).toBe(0);
+			expect(packed[1].filesCount).toBe(1);
+			expect(packed[0].foldersCount).toBe(0);
+			expect(packed[1].foldersCount).toBe(1);
+		});
+	});
+
+	describeBenchmark('benchmark', () => {
+		test('packMany', async () => {
+			const root = await createFolder('bench-root', null);
+			const folders = [];
+			for (let i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
+				folders.push(await createFolder(`bench-${i}`, root.id));
+			}
+
+			const start = Date.now();
+			await service.packMany(folders, { detail: true });
+			const elapsed = Date.now() - start;
+			console.log(`DriveFolderEntityService.packMany benchmark: ${elapsed}ms`);
+		});
+	});
+});