diff --git a/locales/index.d.ts b/locales/index.d.ts
index c25ce18701..cad675a45b 100644
--- a/locales/index.d.ts
+++ b/locales/index.d.ts
@@ -1978,14 +1978,6 @@ export interface Locale extends ILocale {
      * クリップボードのテキストが長いです。テキストファイルとして添付しますか？
      */
     "attachAsFileQuestion": string;
-    /**
-     * まだチャットはありません
-     */
-    "noMessagesYet": string;
-    /**
-     * 新しいメッセージがあります
-     */
-    "newMessageExists": string;
     /**
      * メッセージに添付できるファイルはひとつです
      */
@@ -5359,6 +5351,14 @@ export interface Locale extends ILocale {
      */
     "chat": string;
     "_chat": {
+        /**
+         * まだメッセージはありません
+         */
+        "noMessagesYet": string;
+        /**
+         * 新しいメッセージ
+         */
+        "newMessage": string;
         /**
          * 個人チャット
          */
diff --git a/locales/ja-JP.yml b/locales/ja-JP.yml
index 2d358fcfac..d25efe198b 100644
--- a/locales/ja-JP.yml
+++ b/locales/ja-JP.yml
@@ -490,8 +490,6 @@ noteOf: "{user}のノート"
 quoteAttached: "引用付き"
 quoteQuestion: "引用として添付しますか？"
 attachAsFileQuestion: "クリップボードのテキストが長いです。テキストファイルとして添付しますか？"
-noMessagesYet: "まだチャットはありません"
-newMessageExists: "新しいメッセージがあります"
 onlyOneFileCanBeAttached: "メッセージに添付できるファイルはひとつです"
 signinRequired: "続行する前に、登録またはログインが必要です"
 signinOrContinueOnRemote: "続行するには、お使いのサーバーに移動するか、このサーバーに登録・ログインする必要があります"
@@ -1337,6 +1335,8 @@ information: "情報"
 chat: "チャット"
 
 _chat:
+  noMessagesYet: "まだメッセージはありません"
+  newMessage: "新しいメッセージ"
   individualChat: "個人チャット"
   individualChat_description: "特定ユーザーとの一対一のチャットができます。"
   roomChat: "ルームチャット"
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/core/ChatService.ts b/packages/backend/src/core/ChatService.ts
index dde7c77787..c34d1f0aec 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/core/ChatService.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/core/ChatService.ts
@@ -90,27 +90,27 @@ export class ChatService {
 
 		if (!otherApprovedMe) {
 			if (toUser.chatScope === 'none') {
-				throw new Error('recipient is cannot chat');
+				throw new Error('recipient is cannot chat (none)');
 			} else if (toUser.chatScope === 'followers') {
 				const isFollower = await this.userFollowingService.isFollowing(fromUser.id, toUser.id);
 				if (!isFollower) {
-					throw new Error('recipient is cannot chat');
+					throw new Error('recipient is cannot chat (followers)');
 				}
 			} else if (toUser.chatScope === 'following') {
 				const isFollowing = await this.userFollowingService.isFollowing(toUser.id, fromUser.id);
 				if (!isFollowing) {
-					throw new Error('recipient is cannot chat');
+					throw new Error('recipient is cannot chat (following)');
 				}
 			} else if (toUser.chatScope === 'mutual') {
 				const isMutual = await this.userFollowingService.isMutual(fromUser.id, toUser.id);
 				if (!isMutual) {
-					throw new Error('recipient is cannot chat');
+					throw new Error('recipient is cannot chat (mutual)');
 				}
 			}
 		}
 
-		if ((await this.roleService.getUserPolicies(toUser.id)).canChat) {
-			throw new Error('recipient is cannot chat');
+		if (!(await this.roleService.getUserPolicies(toUser.id)).canChat) {
+			throw new Error('recipient is cannot chat (policy)');
 		}
 
 		const blocked = await this.userBlockingService.checkBlocked(toUser.id, fromUser.id);
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/models/RepositoryModule.ts b/packages/backend/src/models/RepositoryModule.ts
index 584c9eb0d2..e2ac21c500 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/models/RepositoryModule.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/models/RepositoryModule.ts
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ const $swSubscriptionsRepository: Provider = {
 
 const $systemAccountsRepository: Provider = {
 	provide: DI.systemAccountsRepository,
-	useFactory: (db: DataSource) => db.getRepository(MiSystemAccount),
+	useFactory: (db: DataSource) => db.getRepository(MiSystemAccount).extend(miRepository as MiRepository<MiSystemAccount>),
 	inject: [DI.db],
 };
 
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ const $abuseUserReportsRepository: Provider = {
 
 const $abuseReportNotificationRecipientRepository: Provider = {
 	provide: DI.abuseReportNotificationRecipientRepository,
-	useFactory: (db: DataSource) => db.getRepository(MiAbuseReportNotificationRecipient),
+	useFactory: (db: DataSource) => db.getRepository(MiAbuseReportNotificationRecipient).extend(miRepository as MiRepository<MiAbuseReportNotificationRecipient>),
 	inject: [DI.db],
 };
 
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ const $webhooksRepository: Provider = {
 
 const $systemWebhooksRepository: Provider = {
 	provide: DI.systemWebhooksRepository,
-	useFactory: (db: DataSource) => db.getRepository(MiSystemWebhook),
+	useFactory: (db: DataSource) => db.getRepository(MiSystemWebhook).extend(miRepository as MiRepository<MiSystemWebhook>),
 	inject: [DI.db],
 };
 
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ const $chatRoomMembershipsRepository: Provider = {
 
 const $chatApprovalsRepository: Provider = {
 	provide: DI.chatApprovalsRepository,
-	useFactory: (db: DataSource) => db.getRepository(MiChatApproval),
+	useFactory: (db: DataSource) => db.getRepository(MiChatApproval).extend(miRepository as MiRepository<MiChatApproval>),
 	inject: [DI.db],
 };
 
diff --git a/packages/backend/src/server/api/endpoints/chat/messages/create.ts b/packages/backend/src/server/api/endpoints/chat/messages/create.ts
index 6ad100c116..c95da79a1b 100644
--- a/packages/backend/src/server/api/endpoints/chat/messages/create.ts
+++ b/packages/backend/src/server/api/endpoints/chat/messages/create.ts
@@ -125,9 +125,7 @@ export default class extends Endpoint<typeof meta, typeof paramDef> { // eslint-
 					throw err;
 				});
 
-				return await this.chatService.createMessage({
-					fromUser: me,
-					toUser,
+				return await this.chatService.createMessage(me, toUser, {
 					text: ps.text,
 					file: file,
 				});
diff --git a/packages/frontend/src/pages/chat/room.vue b/packages/frontend/src/pages/chat/room.vue
index ab6ffabe06..d311a0e0bf 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/src/pages/chat/room.vue
+++ b/packages/frontend/src/pages/chat/room.vue
@@ -9,8 +9,14 @@ SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
 		<MkSpacer :contentMax="700">
 			<MkPagination v-if="pagination" ref="pagingComponent" :key="userId || roomId" :pagination="pagination" :disableAutoLoad="true" :scrollReversed="true">
 				<template #empty>
-					<div class="_fullinfo">
+					<div class="_gaps" style="text-align: center;">
 						<div>{{ i18n.ts.noMessagesYet }}</div>
+						<template v-if="user">
+							<div v-if="user.chatScope === 'followers'">{{ i18n.ts._chat.thisUserAllowsChatOnlyFromFollowers }}</div>
+							<div v-else-if="user.chatScope === 'following'">{{ i18n.ts._chat.thisUserAllowsChatOnlyFromFollowing }}</div>
+							<div v-else-if="user.chatScope === 'mutual'">{{ i18n.ts._chat.thisUserAllowsChatOnlyFromMutualFollowing }}</div>
+							<div v-else>{{ i18n.ts._chat.thisUserNotAllowedChatAnyone }}</div>
+						</template>
 					</div>
 				</template>
 				<template #default="{ items: messages }">
diff --git a/packages/frontend/src/utility/get-user-menu.ts b/packages/frontend/src/utility/get-user-menu.ts
index b84deb2f86..37c88c9665 100644
--- a/packages/frontend/src/utility/get-user-menu.ts
+++ b/packages/frontend/src/utility/get-user-menu.ts
@@ -151,6 +151,16 @@ export function getUserMenu(user: Misskey.entities.UserDetailed, router: Router
 
 	const menuItems: MenuItem[] = [];
 
+	if (iAmModerator) {
+		menuItems.push({
+			icon: 'ti ti-user-exclamation',
+			text: i18n.ts.moderation,
+			action: () => {
+				router.push(`/admin/user/${user.id}`);
+			},
+		}, { type: 'divider' });
+	}
+
 	menuItems.push({
 		icon: 'ti ti-at',
 		text: i18n.ts.copyUsername,
@@ -159,25 +169,14 @@ export function getUserMenu(user: Misskey.entities.UserDetailed, router: Router
 		},
 	});
 
-	if (notesSearchAvailable && (user.host == null || canSearchNonLocalNotes)) {
-		menuItems.push({
-			icon: 'ti ti-search',
-			text: i18n.ts.searchThisUsersNotes,
-			action: () => {
-				router.push(`/search?username=${encodeURIComponent(user.username)}${user.host != null ? '&host=' + encodeURIComponent(user.host) : ''}`);
-			},
-		});
-	}
-
-	if (iAmModerator) {
-		menuItems.push({
-			icon: 'ti ti-user-exclamation',
-			text: i18n.ts.moderation,
-			action: () => {
-				router.push(`/admin/user/${user.id}`);
-			},
-		});
-	}
+	menuItems.push({
+		icon: 'ti ti-share',
+		text: i18n.ts.copyProfileUrl,
+		action: () => {
+			const canonical = user.host === null ? `@${user.username}` : `@${user.username}@${toUnicode(user.host)}`;
+			copyToClipboard(`${url}/${canonical}`);
+		},
+	});
 
 	menuItems.push({
 		icon: 'ti ti-rss',
@@ -210,29 +209,18 @@ export function getUserMenu(user: Misskey.entities.UserDetailed, router: Router
 		});
 	}
 
-	menuItems.push({
-		icon: 'ti ti-share',
-		text: i18n.ts.copyProfileUrl,
-		action: () => {
-			const canonical = user.host === null ? `@${user.username}` : `@${user.username}@${toUnicode(user.host)}`;
-			copyToClipboard(`${url}/${canonical}`);
-		},
-	});
+	if (notesSearchAvailable && (user.host == null || canSearchNonLocalNotes)) {
+		menuItems.push({
+			icon: 'ti ti-search',
+			text: i18n.ts.searchThisUsersNotes,
+			action: () => {
+				router.push(`/search?username=${encodeURIComponent(user.username)}${user.host != null ? '&host=' + encodeURIComponent(user.host) : ''}`);
+			},
+		});
+	}
 
 	if ($i) {
 		menuItems.push({ type: 'divider' }, {
-			icon: 'ti ti-mail',
-			text: i18n.ts.sendMessage,
-			action: () => {
-				const canonical = user.host === null ? `@${user.username}` : `@${user.username}@${user.host}`;
-				os.post({ specified: user, initialText: `${canonical} ` });
-			},
-		}, {
-			type: 'link',
-			icon: 'ti ti-messages',
-			text: i18n.ts._chat.chatWithThisUser,
-			to: `/chat/user/${user.id}`,
-		}, { type: 'divider' }, {
 			icon: 'ti ti-pencil',
 			text: i18n.ts.editMemo,
 			action: editMemo,
@@ -368,6 +356,18 @@ export function getUserMenu(user: Misskey.entities.UserDetailed, router: Router
 		//}
 
 		menuItems.push({ type: 'divider' }, {
+			icon: 'ti ti-mail',
+			text: i18n.ts.sendMessage,
+			action: () => {
+				const canonical = user.host === null ? `@${user.username}` : `@${user.username}@${user.host}`;
+				os.post({ specified: user, initialText: `${canonical} ` });
+			},
+		}, {
+			type: 'link',
+			icon: 'ti ti-messages',
+			text: i18n.ts._chat.chatWithThisUser,
+			to: `/chat/user/${user.id}`,
+		}, { type: 'divider' }, {
 			icon: user.isMuted ? 'ti ti-eye' : 'ti ti-eye-off',
 			text: user.isMuted ? i18n.ts.unmute : i18n.ts.mute,
 			action: toggleMute,